HOWTO Instalar MythTV

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Run mythfrontend and see if it works, if it does myth is installed.

mythfrontend

[editar] Hardware Drivers

[editar] Joystick control

If you are planning to use MythGame, it may be helpful to be able to control MythTV with a joystick as well. MythTV 0.17 and higher support joystick control of the UI. To enable this feature, create a file called joystickmenurc in your .mythtv directory. The example that comes with the MythTV distribution is a good starting point:

#
# Joystick menu config file
#  Place in ~/.mythtv/
#
#   Format:
#       devicename <devname>        Specify name of joystick device to use
#                                   (e.g. /dev/js0)
#       button num keystring        Send 'keystring' when button 'num' is released
#       chord cnum bnum keystring   If button cnum is down, and button 'bnum'
#                                   is released, send keystring
#       axis num from to keystring  If axis num goes into the range of from-to
#                                   send keystring

devicename /dev/js0

button 0                    Enter
button 1                    Escape
chord  2    5               Escape

axis   0    -32767  -15000  Left
axis   0     15000   32767  Right
axis   1    -32767  -15000  Up
axis   1     15000   32767  Down

axis   5    -32767  -15000  Left
axis   5     15000   32767  Right
axis   6    -32767  -15000  Up
axis   6     15000   32767  Down

[editar] Odds and Ends

Now that myth is running and working it is time to make the computer boot directly to mythtv and have a few more little cool features.

[editar] ANALOG and no XMLTV

I found that we can get around the xmltv by using xawtv to generate a channel list.

do

# emerge -av xawtv

if emerge fails, checkout http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=112429

do this:

# mkdir -p /usr/local/portage/media-tv/xawtv/files

save the ebuild to /usr/local/portage/media-tv/xawtv/ save the two patchs to /usr/local/portage/media-tv/xawtv/files

# nano -w /etc/make.conf

add this line: PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/usr/local/portage"

setup the new xawtv

# ebuild /usr/local/portage/media-tv/xawtv/xawtv-3.95.ebuild digest

now set it unmasked

# echo "media-tv/xawtv ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords

and you are clear to go:

# emerge -av xawtv

[editar] KDM

Lets setup kdm and make it start evilWM and mythfrontend.

• Set kdm as your xdm by editing /etc/rc.conf

 ...
 DISPLAYMANAGER="kdm"
 ...

• If you run evilWM, set the session type for mythuser to custom. You can do this within KDM or by creating ~/.dmrc.

[Desktop]
Session=custom

This will cause KDM to execute your .xsession file at logon, for this to work .xsession must be executable!.

• If you run KDE, set mythfrontend to auto-load on login

ln -s /usr/bin/mythfrontend /home/username/.kde/Autostart/mythfrontend

(if it complains about 'No such file or directory' do a mkdir /home/username/.kde/Autostart)

Alternatively, if you don't use KDE, this howto explains how one might autostart applications.

• Set it to autoload your user

Run kcontrol and select the login manager section. Set the convenience section to boot directly to your user.

Or modify the kdmrc file directly by configuring the AutoLogin settings under the [X-:0-Core] section. For example (substitute 3.4 for your relevant version):

[X-:0-Core]
AutoLoginEnable=true
AutoLoginUser=mythuser

• Add it to boot

rc-update add xdm default

[editar] NTP

NTP permitirá que su computadora se ponga en hora basándose en el horario de internet. Esto es muy importante, esto puede afectar la exactitud con que la máquina ejecuta los programas de grabación.

vea HOWTO NTP

[editar] Samba

Samba te permitirá que accedas a los archivos de una red Windows. Esto puede ser útil para acceder a archivos de musica o videos, o solo para pruebas.

vea HOWTO Setup Samba

[editar] File Transfers

There are two options for making files accessible from other machines. The first option is to use WinSCP, which uses SCP, a secure file transfer protocol (using SSH). This is perfectly acceptable (and secure) for most uses. However, if unlucky enough to have a slow MythTV machine and no hardware acceleration (e.g. the VIA Padlock), the added computations needed to encrypt outgoing file transfers could overtax the system. In this case, it would be advisable to setup an FTP server, which is an unencrypted file transfer protocol that is fast and requires fewer resources.

see HOWTO ProFTPD

[editar] mythweb

The following USE flags allow PHP5 to compile and run Mythweb:

dev-lang/php  dba gd session pcre

# echo "www-apps/mythweb ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# emerge mythweb

This will install apache2 if neccessary and put mythweb in your htdocs directory. Start apache with the command '/etc/init.d/apache2 start' and browse to "http://name_or_ip_address/mythweb/" to access the web interface.

# rc-update -a apache2 default

This will start apache2 when you boot.

see HOWTO Apache2 with PHP MySQL and MythWeb's Documentation for more information

In order for the status pages to work, you need to enable allow_url_fopen in php.ini.

allow_url_fopen = On

(note: this should be /etc/php/apache2-php5/php.ini If you have changed your use flags to emerge php 5)

You will also need to make sure you have PHP enabled in your /etc/conf.d/apache2 file. with the line:

APACHE2_OPTS="-D PHP4"

(note: this should be APACHE2_OPTS="-D PHP5" If you have changed your use flags to emerge php 5)

Please note: For each option on the APACHE_OPTS line you need a -D preceeding it. For example:

APACHE2_OPTS="-D DEFAULT_VHOST -D PHP4 -D DAV -D SSL -D DAV_FS"

Temporary fix I need, apache2 is probably selecting a wrong version of httpd.conf

# ln -s /var/www/localhost/htdocs /usr/htdocs

If you are getting a Database Setup Error when you try to open the MythWeb page, and you've confirmed that your database settings are correct, make sure you have Apache configured to recognize the .htaccess file in the mythweb directory:

<Directory /var/www/localhost/htdocs/mythweb>
    AllowOverride All
    Options FollowSymLinks
</Directory>

[editar] Optional: Require authentication to view MythWeb

Create an apache users file:

# htpasswd2 -c /etc/apache2/users USERNAME

where USERNAME is any name of your choosing. The -c switch allows for creating the file if it does not exist. If you are adding another user to an already existing file do not use the -c switch. Follow the two password prompts to set the password. Note that it is important that you keep this file in a directory that apache is not serving, this is to prevent anyone/everyone from downloading and viewing the contents of it. /etc/apache2/users was the location I used but is by no means the only one that will work. Just make sure to use the correct location of this file in the following step.

Edit your httpd.conf file to allow overrides. These edits occured around line 435 in my httpd.conf for loose reference.

<Directory />
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride AuthConfig
</Directory>

<Directory "/var/www/localhost/htdocs/mythweb">
        AllowOverride All
        Options FollowSymLinks
        Options +Indexes
        Order deny,allow
        deny from all
        AuthType Basic
        AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/users
        AuthName "Mythtv Web Frontend"
        require valid-user
        satisfy any
</Directory>

Note: The <Directory /> section should already be in httpd.conf by default, you may have "AllowOverride None" or "AllowOverride AuthConfig" depending on if other websites you are serving allow .htaccess overrides (from my understanding.) The <Directory "/var/www/localhost/htdocs/mythweb"> section needed to be added to my conf file. The settings above worked fine for me.

[editar] mythmusic

If you are using mythmusic to store and listen to music and also happen to like using iTunes on different platforms adding support for creating an iTunes share can be accomplished easily. Read HOWTO Apple ITunes Server to find out more! Note to not use "perfect quality" in your import options as this will generate .flac files iTunes will not recognise.

 # echo "media-plugins/mythmusic ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
 # emerge -av mythmusic

[editar] mythdvd

Si usted usa mythdvd y quiere copiar archivos en su directorio de películas, debe emerger mythdvd con la bandera USE puesta en transcode. Aunque usted estará solo copiando, no decodificando, la opción no existe a menos que la bandera USE esté presente.

# echo "media-plugins/mythdvd ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# echo "media-plugins/mythdvd transcode" >> /etc/portage/package.use
# emerge mythdvd

[editar] mythtv-themes

Adding more themes to choose from, than the default two.

# emerge mythtv-themes

[editar] mythgallery

# echo "media-plugins/mythgallery ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# emerge mythgallery

[editar] mythnews

# echo "media-plugins/mythnews ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# emerge mythnews

[editar] mythbrowser

# echo "media-plugins/mythbrowser ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# emerge mythbrowser

[editar] mythflix

# echo "media-plugins/mythflix ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# emerge -av mythflix

Para configurar MythFlix, vea el MythFlix README

[editar] mythphone

# echo "media-plugins/mythphone ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# emerge -av mythphone

[editar] mythweather

# echo "media-plugins/mythweather ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# emerge -av mythweather

[editar] mythgame

# echo "media-plugins/mythgame ~x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords
# emerge -av mythgame

Para instalar y configurar emuladores para MythGame, vea MythGame Emulation Setup

[editar] Setting up a frontend on a different computer

In mythsetup, be sure to use an externally accessible address when setting the IP address for the backend.

By default, the mythtv mysql database is only set up to allow connection from the localhost. To allow all computers on the network 192.168.1.*, do the following:

#mysql -u root -pnew-password mythconverg

Replace new-password with the password you used to set up the database

mysql> grant all on mythconverg.* to mythtv@"192.168.1.%" identified by "mythtv";
mysql> flush privileges;

For different authentication methods, see the mythtv documentation

Now on the frontend:

# echo "media-tv/mythtv frontendonly" >> /etc/portage/package.use
# emerge mythtv

In /etc/mythtv/mysql.txt, replace localhost with the address or hostname of the backend on this line:

 DBHostName=localhost
 ...

Now you should have a fully functioning frontend.
If you need to set the frontend up on a windows computer, look into WinMyth; however, it is still in the alpha stage and doesn't have nearly as many features as the linux frontend.

[editar] Diskless frontends in an OpenMosix cluster with a 2.6 kernel

Setup diskless frontends in an OpenMosix cluster with a 2.6 kernel so all you can have a really fast setup.

see HOWTO Install Mythtv With Diskless Workstations in an OpenMosix Cluster (under heavy development right now, join in and help out)

[editar] Troubleshooting

[editar] Audio

• If you receive the error, "Unable to create AudioOutput", put the following as the Audio output device in general settings:

for alsa use "ALSA:default", for arts use "ARTS:". Note that you have to type these settings manually, as they may not be available in the drop-down list.

• No sound when using ALSA *

Current versions of MythTV (I'm using 0.18.1 right now) allow you to specify a mixer device in the audio settings. While changing the output device from "/dev/dsp" to "ALSA:default" is well documented in this howto and in the official documentation, neither of them mention the necessary changes to the mixer device: If you're using ALSA, change the mixer device from "/dev/mixer" to "default". Again, you may have to type this text manually, as "default" may not be available in the drop-down list.

Note that the necessity of specifying a mixer device might be removed in future versions of MythTV. Currently the developers seem to be uncertain if there might be some people out there needing a mixer device other than "default".

[editar] Video

• If after installing NVidia drivers version 1.0.8174, you have high load when viewing video, disable opengl: Add "media-tv/mythtv -opengl" to /etc/portage/package.use. Then remerge mythtv.

• If you have an older video card and get a segmentation fault when playing fullscreen video, try disabling "Use hardware XvMC MPEG Decoding" in TV Settings -> Playback.

• Enabling the XvMC option within MythTV without having all the required support can also result in hiccups or hitches in the video playback. When playing back video, if you see what appears to be a single frame that's "out of context", or that you've seen before, that may be a sign you're using XvMC without having everything properly configured. Try turning it off in MythTV and see if that fixes the problem.

• Bob deinterlacing will mess with OSD along with XvMC and DirectFB. If you have the processor power, turn off XvMC and use linear or kernel deinterlacing. If the OSD flickers with kernel or linear deinterlacing and XvMC is off, then check that you compiled with -directfb in your package.use file.

• Jerky video on Hauppauge PVR-250 / 350 cards. If your Live TV video is playing jerky (i.e. running too fast, then stopping every 1-2 seconds) and you keep getting "prebuffering pause" errors in the console, try adjusting the video format in the recording profiles. The default format used in all of my installation's profiles was set to 480x480, which might be suitable for NTSC regions. But I'm using a PAL version of the PVR-250 which obviously doesn't like this setting. After changing the format to 720x576, all problems just vanished: watching and recording tv in MythTV are now working perfectly.

• A problem I encountered with the Hauppauge PVR-350 card connected to a separate TV was a "ground loop". This results in a noticable hum in the audio, even when nothing is being played by the card. Also, there may be slow rolling lines in the video. This can be caused by a ground loop - frequently between the antenna/cable and the rest of the system. An easy test is to temporarily remove the antenna/cable from the TV and see if the problem goes away. If it turns out this is the problem, you can use a antenna isolator, such as this one, available for about $10. More details about ground loops can be found at this site.

[editar] Other

• If mythbackend fails (say path for video storage does not exist) without calling /etc/init.d mythbackend stop - it will leave link in /var/lib/init.d/started/mythbackend that makes gentoo think it is still running even if it's not.

# /etc/init.d/mythbackend start
* WARNING: "mythbackend" has already been started.
# /etc/init.d/mythbackend stop
* Stopping myth backend...
start-stop-daemon: warning: failed to kill 7447: No such process [ !! ]

The following command fixes this

/etc/init.d/mythbackend zap

• If mythfrontend experiences crashes during the course of skipping through a recorded video, check to make sure that the nvidia use flag was not set when compiling mythtv (if you are using less than a Geforce 4 graphics card).

• One problem I had was with the change channel script for my cable box not working on lower channels. I found that the freqid was being sent to the script by the frontend rather then the channel id. The fix was to change the freqid in the channels table to match the channel number. They were the same already on higher number channels.

• If frontend complains about QMYSQL3 driver not loaded make sure the qt library that mythtv is using has mysql support. I had added the use flag mysql and recompiled qt. However I had several versions of qt and mythtv was using an older version rather then the version emerge qt had picked up by default.

• The error message below is also an indicator that the qt library is lacking mysql support

..
Query was:
SELECT NULL;
No error type from QSqlError? Strange...
2006-06-01 23:40:59.298 Unable to connect to database!
2006-06-01 23:40:59.298 No error type from QSqlError? Strange...
QSqlQuery::exec: database not open
QSqlQuery::exec: database not open
...

emerge the qt package again with mysql in the use flags.